• Supports healthy bone and tooth development by helping calcium deposition¹
• Helps maintain normal calcium & phosphorus absorption/utilisation²
• Reduces risk of vitamin D insufficiency in breast-fed and low-sunlight infants¹ ²
• May help promote age-appropriate growth parameters in pre-term infants (weight/length/head circumference) – evidence in pre-term cohort; extrapolation advised³
• Calcitriol (1,25-OH₂-D₃) binds vitamin-D receptors in intestinal epithelium, up-regulating TRPV6 & calbindin to enhance transcellular calcium uptake (pre-clinical)
• In osteoblasts it promotes expression of osteocalcin and RANKL, facilitating mineralised bone matrix formation (pre-clinical)
• Modulates innate immunity: calcitriol induces cathelicidin/defensin transcription in monocytes and epithelial cells, supporting barrier defence (pre-clinical)
• Regulates parathyroid hormone, maintaining serum Ca²⁺/PO₄³⁻ homeostasis in human infants²
• Exclusively or partially breast-fed infants from birth to 12 months
• Formula-fed infants consuming < 1 L formula/day
• Pre-term or low-birth-weight infants with limited vitamin D stores
• Infants with dark skin pigmentation or living in low-UV climates
• Clinician-directed use in toddlers if dietary/sunlight intake remains insufficient
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1. Gallo S et al. Effect of Standard vs High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Mineral Content in Infants. JAMA 2013;309:1785–92. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.3404
2. American Academy of Pediatrics. Prevention of Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency in Infants, Children, and Adolescents. Pediatrics 2008;122:1142-52
3. Tang W-Q et al. Vitamin D Supplementation Improved Physical Growth and Neurologic Development of Preterm Infants in NICU. BMC Pediatr 2023;23:248. doi:10.1186/s12887-023-04075-1
